ABSTRACT
Modern research showed that components in the dried leaf of Cyclocarya paliurus. had various biological activities. The current quality control research was focused on content determination of polysaccharides and flavonoids, while there were less research on quantitative analysis of terpenes and phenolic acids. In this paper, the contents of 16 components of 3 kinds in C. paliurus leaf were determined by UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS. The results were as following: good linear relationship of 16 analytes existed within the studied concentration rages (²>0.996), and RSDs were of <3.0% in the precision test and replicate test, with the average recovery rates 95.20%-104.4%, respectively. The results indicatod that the method is simple and accurate, which can be used for the comprehensive quality evaluation of C. paliurus leaf. The established method was applied to determine the contents of 12 batches of C. paliurus leaf from different areas, and the 16 analvtes contents in the samples could be different from several times to dozens times, which indicated that there might be significant quality difference in C. paliurus leaf from different areas.
Subject(s)
Flavonoids , Juglandaceae , Chemistry , Phytochemicals , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , PolysaccharidesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the function of endophytes of mistletoe in parasitism process of mistletoe in Pterocarya stenoptera.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Endophytes from eight different parts of the mistletoe were separated by explant culture, and further screened by different CMC plates culture and DNS method to get cellulase high productive strains. The distribution of the endophytic fungus parasitized in mistletoe were prepared and stained to demonstrate by histological section of the intumescentia part of the P. stenoptera.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The histological section indicated that aboundent of hyphasma were distributed around the haustorium of the mistletoe. Eighty three strains of endophytic fungus were separated, 38 of them were able to degrade cellulose, 19 strains showed high cellulase activity and 10 of which were separated from the parasitic position.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endophytic fungus of mistletoe can secrete cellulase and assist the haustorium of mistletoe to breakthrough the cell walls as well as intercellular space tissues of the P. stenoptera, thus, the endophytic fungus plays an important role in the parasitism process of mistletoe in P. stenoptera.</p>
Subject(s)
Cellulase , Metabolism , Cellulose , Metabolism , Fungi , Metabolism , Juglandaceae , Symbiosis , Viscum , Cell Biology , MicrobiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the molluscicidal activities of three Chinese plants N. indicum Mill, R stenoptera DC, and R. japonicum Houtt, and to clarify the molluscicidal mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>N-butanol extracts and water extracts of the three plants were obtained. The reactions of EST isozyme, glycogen and total protein of snails to the plant extracts were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EST electrophoresis showed that EST was an important antidotal enzyme system and reacted strongly to environment. EST changed greatly during the whole exposure period so that it could be viewed as a pathological index of toxicity. Extracts decreased the glycogen content of the snails' soft tissues greatly, and also the protein content.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All extracts show strong molluscicidal activity. The LD50 value of the water extract of N. indicum Mill is as low as 13.2 mg/L. EST can be viewed as a pathological index of toxicity. The energy metabolism abnormity is the key reason for the molluscicidal activities. The biochemical mechanism needs further research.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Esterases , Metabolism , Glycogen , Metabolism , Isoenzymes , Metabolism , Juglandaceae , Chemistry , Toxicity , Molluscacides , Toxicity , Nerium , Chemistry , Toxicity , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Toxicity , Rumex , Chemistry , Toxicity , SnailsABSTRACT
Caucasian wingnut (Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Poiret) Spach) is a relict tree species having limited natural distribution in Turkey. In this study, a new distribution of this species in the Kahramanmaras region was explained. This distribution occurs in Onsenhopuru and Yavuzlar villages and Yesilyore town of Turkoglu district, at elevations between 600 and 640 m along Orcan stream, and continues about 4 km. In this area, Caucasian wingnut had about 100 trees. This distribution area of the species, quite important for biodiversity, should be protected and the existing individuals should be evaluated as a gene resource. Especially vegetative reproduction of the species should be started and the seedlings obtained should be used at the margins of lakes and streams, parks and large gardens, avenues, boulevards, and streets in the region.
Subject(s)
Animals , Conservation of Natural Resources , Ecology , Environmental Monitoring , Forestry , Juglandaceae/physiology , Population Dynamics , Seedlings/growth & development , Turkeys , UrbanizationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical components of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chemical components were isolated by solvent extraction and column chromatography. The chemical structures were identified on the basis of physic-chemical constant and spectral data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Six compounds were isolated and identified as kaempferol(I), quercetin(II), isoquercitrin(III), ellagic acid(IV), daucosterol(V) and cyclocaric acid B(VI).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds I, II, III and IV were obtained for the first time from this plant.</p>